Saline solution in isotonic concentration may be used as a vehicle for injectable pharmaceuticals as well as a flushing solution in medical applications. Other applications in medicine include its use as a nasal spray, intravenous infusion for volume substitution in emergencies or for salt replacement therapy after heavy salt loss.
Isotonic saline solution is also used as a storage solution for medical items with high water content, like contact lenses.
Due to the highly sensitive applications of saline solutions, exact purity and quality control is essential in their production, as incorrect concentrations and impurity would have severe consequences when administered to the human body.
Salts, like sodium chloride, have a significant refractive index in aqueous solution that is proportional to the concentration. This makes the Abbemat refractometers ideal instruments to measure the concentration and the purity of saline solutions.
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